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Definition of Electronic/Ultrasonic Pest Control
Ultrasonic devices operate by emitting short wavelength, high frequency sound waves too high in pitch to be heard by the human ear — that is, all frequencies greater than 20,000 Hz. Humans can hear frequencies from 20 to 20,000 Hz but as we age, we become less sensitive to the higher frequencies. (Long wavelength, low frequencies — below 20 Hz — are called infrasound and are also inaudible to humans.) Although it's implied that ultrasound has special properties that make it more repellent than audible sound, there's no evidence to support this.
We can't hear ultrasound because our eardrums can't vibrate fast enough, but some animals such as dogs, bats and rodents can hear well into the ultrasonic range. Some insects, such as grasshoppers and locusts can detect frequencies from 50,000Hz to 100,000 Hz, and moths and lacewings can detect ultrasounds as high as 240,000 Hz produced by insect-hunting bats.
Insects detect sound by special hairs or sensilla located on the antennae (mosquitoes) or genitalia (cockroaches), or by more complicated tympanal organs (grasshoppers, locusts, moths and butterfly.
Tests of commercial ultrasonic devices have indicated that rodents may be repelled from the immediate area of the ultrasound device for a few minutes to a few days, but they will nearly always return and resume normal activities. Other tests have shown that the degree of repellence depends on the frequency, intensity, and the pre-existing condition of the rodent infestation.
Electromagnetic fields are present in every appliance that operates on electricity. When an appliance is switched on, a very weak electromagnetic (EM) field develops around the current-carrying wiring in your home.